{"id":4554,"date":"2025-07-18T11:14:48","date_gmt":"2025-07-18T08:14:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sommet45-sadc.gov.mg\/?page_id=4554"},"modified":"2025-08-07T15:26:38","modified_gmt":"2025-08-07T12:26:38","slug":"madagascar-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sommet45-sadc.gov.mg\/?page_id=4554","title":{"rendered":"Madagascar"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Madagascar<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Situation g\u00e9ographique<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Situ\u00e9e dans la r\u00e9gion sud-ouest de l\u2019oc\u00e9an Indien, Madagascar est la quatri\u00e8me plus grande \u00eele au monde et la plus vaste du continent africain. Il se situe \u00e0 environ 400km de la c\u00f4te du Mozambique.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Sa capitale, Antananarivo, perch\u00e9e \u00e0 une altitude comprise entre 1 250 et 1 450 m\u00e8tres, accueille le 45\u1d49 Sommet des Chefs d\u2019\u00c9tat et de Gouvernement de la SADC.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Madagascar se distingue par la richesse de ses paysages et l\u2019abondance de ses ressources naturelles. V\u00e9ritable mosa\u00efque \u00e9cologique, la Grande \u00cele offre une diversit\u00e9 remarquable : du bush aride du grand Sud aux for\u00eats humides de l\u2019Est, en passant par les Hauts-plateaux granitiques du centre, parfois ponctu\u00e9s de massifs volcaniques, jusqu\u2019aux savanes de l\u2019Ouest et ses 5 000 km de littoral.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 son insularit\u00e9, \u00e0 la vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de son relief et de ses climats, Madagascar abrite une faune et une flore uniques au monde. Plus de 80 % des esp\u00e8ces qui y vivent sont end\u00e9miques, faisant de l\u2019\u00eele un v\u00e9ritable sanctuaire de biodiversit\u00e9 et un patrimoine naturel d\u2019exception.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Heure locale<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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GMT+3<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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R\u00e9gime politique<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Madagascar est une R\u00e9publique \u00e0 r\u00e9gime multipartite. Le Pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique est le Chef de l\u2019\u00c9tat, tandis que le Premier ministre assume les fonctions de Chef du Gouvernement.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Le pouvoir ex\u00e9cutif est exerc\u00e9 par le Gouvernement. Le pouvoir l\u00e9gislatif, quant \u00e0 lui, est partag\u00e9 entre deux chambres : l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale et le S\u00e9nat. Le pouvoir judiciaire est ind\u00e9pendant, garantissant ainsi l\u2019\u00e9quilibre institutionnel.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Le Chef de l\u2019\u00c9tat, SEM Andry Nirina RAJOELINA, a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9\u00e9lu au suffrage universel direct pour un second mandat, lors de l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle du 1er d\u00e9cembre 2023.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Climat<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00c0 Madagascar, le climat se divise en deux grandes saisons : une saison chaude et humide qui s\u2019\u00e9tend de novembre \u00e0 avril, et une saison fra\u00eeche et s\u00e8che allant de mai \u00e0 octobre.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Le mois d\u2019ao\u00fbt correspond \u00e0 la p\u00e9riode hivernale, particuli\u00e8rement marqu\u00e9e dans les Hautes Terres, dont Antananarivo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Les temp\u00e9ratures varient g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement entre 10\u00b0C le matin et 23\u00b0C en journ\u00e9e, avec un ciel souvent ensoleill\u00e9, mais pouvant \u00eatre ponctu\u00e9 de crachins ou de brouillard matinal.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Il est donc vivement recommand\u00e9 de pr\u00e9voir des v\u00eatements chauds, notamment pour les sorties en matin\u00e9e ou en soir\u00e9e.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Population et culture<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Madagascar compte pr\u00e8s de 30 millions d\u2019habitants, dont 80 % vivent en milieu rural.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Au-del\u00e0 de la diversit\u00e9 culturelle qui caract\u00e9rise ses diff\u00e9rentes r\u00e9gions, le pays est uni par des valeurs fondamentales telles que le \u00ab Fihavanana \u00bb, une notion profond\u00e9ment ancr\u00e9e dans la\u00a0 soci\u00e9t\u00e9 malagasy, qui incarne la solidarit\u00e9, la parent\u00e9, la tol\u00e9rance et la convivialit\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Cette coh\u00e9sion est \u00e9galement renforc\u00e9e par l\u2019usage g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9 de la langue malagasy, premi\u00e8re langue officielle du pays et vecteur d\u2019unit\u00e9 nationale.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A cela s\u2019ajoute l\u2019hospitalit\u00e9 l\u00e9gendaire du peuple malagasy, qui fait de chaque visiteur un h\u00f4te accueilli avec chaleur, respect et bienveillance.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Langues<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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La langue malagasy est la langue nationale et la premi\u00e8re langue officielle, parl\u00e9e par l\u2019ensemble de la population sur tout le territoire.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Le fran\u00e7ais, \u00e9galement langue officielle, est couramment utilis\u00e9 dans l\u2019administration,
l\u2019enseignement, les affaires et les relations internationales.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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L\u2019anglais est de plus en plus utilis\u00e9, notamment dans les \u00e9changes diplomatiques et commerciaux, bien que son usage reste tr\u00e8s limit\u00e9 \u00e0 certaines sph\u00e8res.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Monnaie<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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La monnaie nationale de Madagascar est l\u2019Ariary (MGA). Le taux de change peut varier, mais \u00e0 titre indicatif :<\/p>

  • 1 Euro (EUR) \u00e9quivaut \u00e0 environ 5 000 MGA<\/li>
  • 1 Dollar am\u00e9ricain (USD) \u00e9quivaut \u00e0 environ 4 500 MGA<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Il est recommand\u00e9 aux participants de se renseigner sur les taux de change actualis\u00e9s avant leur\u00a0 arriv\u00e9e ou aupr\u00e8s des \u00e9tablissements de change formels \u00e0 Madagascar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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    Cartes bancaires internationales<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Les cartes bancaires internationales, notamment VISA et MASTERCARD, sont largement accept\u00e9es \u00e0 Madagascar, en particulier dans les grands h\u00f4tels, magasins, restaurants et aupr\u00e8s des tours op\u00e9rateurs d\u00e9sign\u00e9s.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    Certains distributeurs automatiques de billets (DAB) permettent \u00e9galement des retraits avec ces cartes. Il est toutefois recommand\u00e9 \u00e0 chaque d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 de v\u00e9rifier au pr\u00e9alable les frais bancaires internationaux applicables aupr\u00e8s de son \u00e9tablissement bancaire et de pr\u00e9voir des esp\u00e8ces en Ariary (MGA) pour les transactions locales dans les march\u00e9s, les petits commerces ou dans les zones o\u00f9 les paiements \u00e9lectroniques ne sont pas accept\u00e9s.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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    Banque et bureaux de changes<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Des bureaux de change sont disponibles dans les grandes villes, au sein des a\u00e9roports
    internationaux, ainsi qu\u2019au Centre de Conf\u00e9rences Internationales (CCI) d\u2019Ivato.<\/p>

    Les agences bancaires proposent \u00e9galement des services de change.<\/p>

    Les devises les plus couramment accept\u00e9es sont l\u2019Euro (EUR) et le Dollar am\u00e9ricain (USD).<\/p>

    Il convient de noter que les op\u00e9rations de change sont soumises \u00e0 des r\u00e9glementations strictes fix\u00e9es par la Banque Centrale de Madagascar.<\/p>

    Il est donc vivement recommand\u00e9 aux d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s de se conformer aux conditions applicables et de conserver les justificatifs de change.<\/p>

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    Indicatif t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique :<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    L\u2019indicatif t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique international de Madagascar est +261.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    Communication mobile et internet<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Madagascar dispose d\u2019une bonne couverture mobile assur\u00e9e par trois principaux op\u00e9rateurs : Yas, Orange, et Airtel.<\/p>

    Ces entreprises offrent des services de t\u00e9l\u00e9phonie, de messagerie, ainsi qu\u2019un acc\u00e8s \u00e0 Internet haut d\u00e9bit, avec une couverture \u00e9tendue sur l\u2019ensemble du territoire national, en particulier dans la capitale, Antananarivo.<\/p>

    Le service Wi-Fi est accessible :<\/p>

    • dans les h\u00f4tels d\u00e9sign\u00e9s, y compris dans les chambres et espaces communs ;<\/li>
    • \u00e0 l\u2019A\u00e9roport international d\u2019Ivato ; et<\/li>
    • au Centre de Conf\u00e9rences Internationales (CCI) d\u2019Ivato, o\u00f9 une connexion haut d\u00e9bit sera fournie tout au long du Sommet.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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      Boutiques et bureaux <\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      Les bureaux administratifs et institutions publiques \u00e0 Madagascar sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement ouverts du lundi au vendredi, de 08h00 \u00e0 16h00.<\/p>

      Les magasins, boutiques et commerces fonctionnent habituellement du lundi au samedi, de 09h00 \u00e0 17h00.<\/p>

      Les grandes surfaces et libres-services sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement ouvertes du lundi au samedi de 09h000 \u00e0 19h30 et le dimanche de 09h00 \u00e0 13h00.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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      Tabous et interdits<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      Comme dans toute soci\u00e9t\u00e9, la population malagasy est attach\u00e9e \u00e0 ses us, coutumes et valeurs traditionnelles.<\/p>

      Il est fortement conseill\u00e9 aux d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s de respecter les normes culturelles locales, notamment en mati\u00e8re de comportements en public, de tenue vestimentaire, et d\u2019attitude vis-\u00e0-vis des symboles traditionnels ou religieux, et ainsi d\u2019\u00e9viter tout acte pouvant \u00eatre per\u00e7u comme irrespectueux des croyances culturelles ou religieuses.<\/p>

      Soucieuse de pr\u00e9server son image de destination saine, Madagascar applique une l\u00e9gislation stricte en mati\u00e8re de protection des droits humains. Le Code p\u00e9nal malagasy condamne s\u00e9v\u00e8rement le prox\u00e9n\u00e9tisme, la p\u00e9dophilie ainsi que toute forme d\u2019exploitation sexuelle des enfants. Toute infraction \u00e0 ces lois entra\u00eene des poursuites judiciaires et des sanctions p\u00e9nales fermes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

      \n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Madagascar Situation g\u00e9ographique Situ\u00e9e dans la r\u00e9gion sud-ouest de l\u2019oc\u00e9an Indien, Madagascar est la quatri\u00e8me plus grande \u00eele au monde et la plus vaste du continent africain. Il se situe \u00e0 environ 400km de la c\u00f4te du Mozambique. Sa capitale, Antananarivo, perch\u00e9e \u00e0 une altitude comprise entre 1 250 et 1 450 m\u00e8tres, accueille le […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4554","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"rankMath":{"parentDomain":"sommet45-sadc.gov.mg","noFollowDomains":[],"noFollowExcludeDomains":[],"noFollowExternalLinks":false,"featuredImageNotice":"L\u2019image en vedette devrait \u00eatre au moins 200 par 200 pixels pour \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 par Facebook et d\u2019autres sites de m\u00e9dias 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